Design and performance evaluation of micro-irrigation in Haruku Island, Maluku
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31028/ji.v15.i1.31-44Keywords:
water saving irrigation, micro irrigation, Haruku Island, irrigation network, performanceAbstract
The development of irrigated agricultural land on small islands faces many obstacles due to the very limited water availability. The development of irrigated land is often constrained by the relatively high need for water for agricultural land, resulting in competition with domestic water needs. Thus, the development of irrigated land needs to be carried out by applying water-efficient irrigation technologies such as micro irrigation. The research was conducted to test and identify the impact of applying micro irrigation technology on small islands. The research was conducted conditions in Haruku Island, Central Maluku through testing the application and measurement of network performance. The results of the application showed that network installation, irrigation operations, fertilization work, pest control and weeding on the application of micro irrigation were easier and faster. Conventional irrigation using watering pot requires a long time and a lot of labor to meet the water needs of plants. Thus, at the research location, water needs could not be fulfilled by nearly 47% of the period during the growing season and crop production was not optimal. Another case with micro irrigation where water can be given at the right volume and time. Soil moisture can be maintained at optimum levels through short irrigation intervals and of longer duration. From the socio-economic aspect, there is a good performance in the economic aspect of the farmers, which is shown by an increase in income and being able to set aside a portion of their income for savings. Meanwhile, from the social aspect, the application of micro irrigation technology is required by farmers on Haruku Island. These results indicate that micro irrigation could be an alternative technology to support the management of water resources in small islands, especially on Haruku Island.
The development of irrigated agricultural land on small islands faces many obstacles due to the very limited water availability. The development of irrigated land is often constrained by the relatively high need for water for agricultural land, resulting in competition with domestic water needs. Thus, the development of irrigated land needs to be carried out by applying water-efficient irrigation technologies such as micro irrigation. The research was conducted to test and identify the impact of applying micro irrigation technology on small islands. The research was conducted conditions in Haruku Island, Central Maluku through testing the application and measurement of network performance. The results of the application showed that network installation, irrigation operations, fertilization work, pest control and weeding on the application of micro irrigation were easier and faster. Conventional irrigation using watering pot requires a long time and a lot of labor to meet the water needs of plants. Thus, at the research location, water needs could not be fulfilled by nearly 47% of the period during the growing season and crop production was not optimal. Another case with micro irrigation where water can be given at the right volume and time. Soil moisture can be maintained at optimum levels through short irrigation intervals and of longer duration. From the socio-economic aspect, there is a good performance in the economic aspect of the farmers, which is shown by an increase in income and being able to set aside a portion of their income for savings. Meanwhile, from the social aspect, the application of micro irrigation technology is required by farmers on Haruku Island. These results indicate that micro irrigation could be an alternative technology to support the management of water resources in small islands, especially on Haruku Island.
Downloads
References
Aminah, S. (2015). Pengembangan kapasitas petani kecil lahan kering untuk mewujudkan ketahanan pangan. Jurnal Bina Praja, 7(3), 197-210. https://doi.org/10.21787/ jbp.07.2015.197-209
Balai Irigasi. (2011). Laporan Interim Pengkajian Efisiensi Penggunaan Air Irigasi Air Tanah (Irigasi Mikro). Bekasi, Indonesia: Balai Irigasi, Puslitbang SDA, Balitbang, Kementerian PU.
Chandra, H., Triyono, S., & Kadir, M. Z. (2015). Rancang bangun dan uji kinerja sistem kontrol otomatis pada irigasi tetes menggunakan Mikrokontroller Arduino Mega. Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung, 4(4), 235-244.
Ekaputra, E. G., Yanti, D., Saputra, D., & Irsyad, F. (2016). Rancang bangun sistem irigasi tetes untuk budidaya cabai (Capsicum annum L.) dalam greenhouse di Nagari Biaro, Kecamatan Ampek Angkek, Kabupaten Agam, Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Irigasi, 11(2), 103-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.31028/ji.v11.i2.103-112
Haridjaja, O., Baskoro, D. P. T., & Setianingsih, M. (2013). Perbedaan nilai kadar air kapasitas lapang berdasarkan Metode Alhricks, Drainase Bebas, dan Pressure Plate pada berbagai tekstur tanah dan hubungannya dengan pertumbuhan bunga matahari (Helianthus annuus L.). Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan, 15(2), 52-59. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitl.15.2.52-59
Haryati, U. (2014). Teknologi irigasi suplemen untuk adaptasi perubahan iklim pada pertanian lahan kering. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan, 8(1), 43-57. https://doi.org/10.21082/jsdl.v8n1. 2014.%p
Howell, T. A. (2003). Irrigation efï¬ciency. Dalam B. A. Stewart & T. A. Howell (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Water Science (hlm. 467-472). New York, USA: Marcel Dekker.
Irmak, S., Odhiambo, L. O., Kranz, W. L., & Eisenhauer, D. E. (2011). Irrigation efficiency and uniformity, and crop water use efficiency. Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications, 451.
Joubert, M. D., Ridwan, D., & Pratiwi, R. M. (2017). Kinerja jaringan irigasi air tanah pada irigasi hemat air berbasis pompa air tenaga surya. Jurnal Irigasi, 11(2), 125-132. http://dx.doi.org/10.31028/ji.v11.i2.125-132
Kartasasmita, G. (2005). Ketahanan pangan dan ketahanan bangsa. Dipresentasikan pada Pengembangan Ketahanan Pangan Berbasis Kearifan Lokal, Bandung, Indonesia.
Nakayama, F. S., & Bucks, D. A. (Ed.). (1986). Trickle Irrigation for Crop Production: Design, Operation, and Management. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publisher.
Nikijuluw, V. P. H., & Dietriech, G. G. (2013). Kapasitas dan potensi pulau kecil sebagai kawasan mandiri pangan. Dalam E. Pasandaran, E. E. Ananto, K. Suradisastra, N. S. Saad, B. Irawan, H. Soeparno, & A. Hendriadi (Ed.), Membangun Kemandirian Pangan Pulau-Pulau Kecil dan Wilayah Perbatasan (hlm. 21-36). Jakarta, Indonesia: IAARD Press.
Phocaides, A. (2007). Handbook on Pressurized Irrigation Techniques. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Prastowo. (2010a). Irigasi Tetes Teori dan Aplikasi. Bogor, Indonesia: IPB Press.
Prastowo. (2010b). Manual Rancangan Hidrolika Sub-unit Irigasi Tetes. Bogor: IPB Press.
Rahmandani, D., Setianingwulan, I. S., & Ridwan, D. (2011). Irigasi Mikro, Alternatif Teknologi pada Lahan Kering. Bandung: Puslitbang Sumber Daya Air.
Ridwan, D. (2013). Model jaringan irigasi tetes berbasis bahan lokal untuk pertanian lahan sempit. Jurnal Irigasi, 8(2), 90-98.
Sapei, A. (2006). Irigasi Tetes (Drip/Trickle Irrigation). Diperoleh dari http://asepsapei. staff.ipb.ac.id/files/2011/01/irigasi-tetes1.pdf
Sosrodarsono, S., & Takeda. (2006). Hidrologi untuk Pengairan. Jakarta: Pradnya Pramita.
Sumedi. (2014). Membangun Kemandirian Pangan Pulau-Pulau Kecil dan Wilayah Perbatasan. IAARD Press: Jakarta.
Titaley, P. A. (2006). Kebijakan revitalisasi pertanian di Maluku. Dipresentasikan pada Lokakarya Sagu: “Sagu dalam Revitalisasi Pertanian Maluku,†Ambon.
Wijayanto, I. W., Danar Susilo. (2018). Implementasi teknologi irigasi tetes pada budidaya tanaman buah naga. Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian, 6(1), 1-8.
Yanto, H., Tusi, A., & Triyono, S. (2014). Aplikasi sistem irigasi tetes pada tanaman kembang kol (Brassica Oleracea Var. Botrytis L. Subvar. Cauliflora DC) dalam green house. Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung, 3(2), 141-154.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.